Mast Tripod

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3 ft. w/ 1.66″ OD Mast Antenna/ Satellite Tripod Mount $22.95

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Pacific Crest Antenna Mast Aluminum Tripod & Bag A00978 $239.95

Television Antenna

Single / Interior
Very Common "rabbit ears" antenna set-top old models
See also: antenna dipole
Many antennas used for television is a simple half-wave dipole antenna with one or more loop antennas few (of the UHF band) that are made to register inside, often these are called rabbit ears. "The length of the ears" is usually half the wavelength of the signal received. They do not are as efficient as the design of a rooftop aerial antenna, since they have no directionality and does not always conform to the proper length for the reception frequency. antennas dipole are bidirectional, ie evenly spread forward and back and show an increase even both sides. For this reason, are not ideal for receiving weak signals long distance, however, to nearby stations, as in a big city, are usually the easiest and cheapest solution. These antennas are also known as simple set-top antennas, as they often are placed in the top of the TV or receiver.
The actual length of the ears of optimally 91% of half the wavelength in free space. This length will not be the same for all frequencies.
quarter-wave antenna television are also used. They use a single element and the use of land as a ground plane, therefore, no reason is required in the power line. See also: dipole antenna # Quarter-wave antenna
Or outdoor air
See also: Yagi antenna
An aerial or roof usually consists of several conducting elements which are arranged such that it is a directional antenna. The length of the elements is approximately half the wavelength of the signal. Therefore, the length of each element corresponds to a certain frequency. The most time to pick up VHF frequencies are in the "return" of the antenna on the devices directionality, and the much shorter, UHF elements are in the "front", and the antenna works best when you "points" to the source the signal you receive.
The smallest elements in this design, located on the "front" are UHF director elements, which are usually identical and give the antenna directionality, and the increase of improvement. The largest of the elements located in the back "of the VHF form a phased array. Other long reflective elements may UHF Another common element is the corner reflector antenna, a UHF reflector type increases the gain and directionality for UHF frequencies.
The greater the length of the beam of the antenna, the directors are, and the more accurate the tuning of the directors, the greater your gain will be, but for common use Yagi antenna, this is not a linear relationship. Profit is the amount of signal from the antenna "records" and this is inversely proportional to its angle of acceptance. The thickness of the rods in a Yagi antenna and the frequency bandwidth (frequencies receivable) are inversely proportional. Expand bars allow for greater acceptance of bandwidth. This makes it optimal to have smaller conductor elements, however, must be sufficiently large physical force against the weather.
Since rooftop antennas are directional, two or more can be set up and connect to a receiver. Rooftop antennas also sometimes placed in attics.
Types of external antennas
Small multi-directional: The smallest of all outdoor TV antennas free. They are designed to receive the same amount of signal in all directions. These tend to receive signals up to a maximum of thirty miles of the transmitting station, largely depending on the type. But things such as large buildings are thick forests can greatly affect the signal. They come in many different styles, ranging from small plates for small bars of metal, some even can be mounted on existing satellite dishes.
This multi-directional: A step up from the small multi-directional, they also receive signals from all directions. These usually require an amplifier in situations where long cable between the receiver and the TV antenna. The styles are generally similar to small multi-directional, but a little bigger.
Great multi-directional: This is the largest of all multi-antenna outdoor television. The styles include large "networks" or dishes, but also can vary greatly. Depending on the type, reception usually ranges from 30 to 70 miles.
Small directional: The smallest of all directional antennas, these antennas are multi-element antennas, are usually placed on rooftops. This style of antenna receives signals usually equal to that of large multi-directional. One advantage that small directional, however, is that it can significantly reduce "ghosting" effects to the television image.
Medium Directional: These antennas are most often on the roofs of nearby. Usually consists of many elements, and a little larger than the small directional, these antennas are ideal to receive television signals in suburban areas. Signal usually ranges 30-60 km away from the station broadcasting.
Directional Large: The largest of all the TV antennas outdoor common, these antennas are designed to receive the most weak available stations in the area. Larger than the half directional antenna that consists of many elements and is generally used in rural areas, where reception is difficult. When used in conjunction with an amplifier, usually these antennas can receive channels from 60 to over 100 miles, depending on type.
The use of external antennas with an amplifier can improve weak signal channels.
Provision
A short pole antenna near a house, this configuration only works well for receiving the signals on that side of the house as it does not happen by the rock, mostly.
An antenna installation of the post in the fireplace, reaching 35 feet (10.7 meters) of soil
See also: radio antennas and towers
Air antennas are commonly placed on the roofs, and sometimes in attics. Placing an antenna inside is generally considered to significantly reduce its performance. Directional antennas are facing the direction of the station are receiving generally pointing in the general direction of the city in a station operates quite well. In the days of analogue television signal captured by an antenna facing the wrong direction often cause ghosting in the image. This also happens if multiple antennas connected to the same receptor were collecting the same season, especially if the lengths of the cables connecting the cutter fusion of different lengths were the antennas were too close together.
A tripod is often used to connect an antenna to a roof, as well as to raise a meter from the ceiling or a pole is installed next to the house or building and attached the construction of achieving approximately the same height. This is usually sufficient in most areas. In some places, however, as a deep valley or more High near other structures, the antenna can be set much higher. This is done by fixing on a lattice tower or mast.
In general, the higher the antenna is placed, the better their performance. The higher the antenna gain, the more signals you receive, but it will not work well through buildings, soil, or a dense forest. There are dangers inherent in high-antenna configurations or complex, of course, as the fall or the very structure of being destroyed by the weather. There are also several local ordinances that restrict and limit such things as the height of a structure without obtaining permits. For example, the Telecommunications Act 1996 states that "An antenna that is designed to receive local television signals is the subject of the rule, which is that any homeowner may install one. However, it also states that "masts over 12 feet above the roofline may be subject to local permitting requirements."
Attic Installation
Sometimes you do not want to put an antenna on the roof, in these cases, antennas designed for outdoor air are installed in the attic. Put an antenna inside significantly decrease performance, but a short distance of the station, this configuration will be necessary to work at a level satisfactory. A layer of asphalt shingles, roof felt and a roof deck plywood considered to result in a decrease of approximately 50% in antenna performance.
Multiple antennas
Two antennas installation of a roof. Horizontal and vertical spacing
Since more powerful antennas are very directional antenna, is common to use two antennas pointing in different directions connected to a TV or receiver to reduce the need for a rotor. To do this successfully without interfering antennas each other, must be spaced so that the vertical space between the arms is half the wavelength of the lowest frequency to be received in meters (distance = / 2). The wavelength of 54 MHz (Channel 2) is 5.5 meters (xf = c) so that the antennas must have a minimum of 2.25 meters, or ~ 89 inches apart. Also it is important that the cables connecting the antennas to the splitter merger to be exactly the same length to avoid problems of disposal (eg ghosting with analogue reception.) That is, the antennas can both pick the same station and the one with the shortest length of cable will reach the divisor, then receiver, faster than the signal captured by the other antenna. The recipient receives the same signal twice at two different times. If the two antennas collect the same station, there may be problems even with removal of the same length of drop cable. This can also cause severe ghosting. Bandpass filters "traps signal "can help reduce this problem.
For the horizontal placement of multiple antennas as is common in a limited vertical space as an attic, the distance between them must be a full wavelength of the lowest frequency to be received at their closest point.
Often, when using multiple antennas, one is for the entire range of stations and the other is a single channel antenna designed to capture a specific frequency. This is either to capture a weak signal or a single station from a different direction and / or strength.
Security
There are some safety considerations involved in TV antennas. One is that they are great drivers and attract lightning; as large a lightning rod. The use of lightning arresters is common to protect against this. A grounding rod must be connected large both the antenna and the mast / pole.
There is a danger inherent in any activity that takes place in the rooftop of a house, such as installation or adaptation a television antenna. A rotor of the antenna is a simple solution to the problem of having to adjust the antenna.
When using a pole, especially a high significant, must be galvanized cable with straps without insulators (as they are not necessary). Must be able to properly handle any weather conditions are common to the area and should be spaced so as not to interfere with power lines running or if they fall.
References
^ FCC allocation table frequencies. 47C.FR 2106 (2008).
^ Http: / / www.dennysantennaservice.com/1496626.html
^ Http: / / www.kyes.com / antenna / rabbitear.html
http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/antennas/antenna-basics.htm ^
^ # Faq5 http://www.terrestrial-digital.com/faqs.html
^ Http: / / www.tvantenna.com / support / tutorials / atticantennas.html
^ Http: / / www.tvantenna.com / support / tutorials / combining.html
^ Http://www.fcc.gov/mb/facts/otard.html
^ Http: / / www.tvantenna.com / support / tutorials / atticantennas.html
^ Http: / / www.terrestrial-digital.com/faqs.html # Faq9
^ Http://www.tvantenna.com/support/tutorials/combining.html
^ Http: / / www.nojolt.com / lightning_protection_for_tv_antennas.shtml
External Links
Article in the basic theory of television antennas and their use
http://www.antennaweb.org/aw/welcome.aspx
http://www.siber-sonic.com/FM_reception/rooftop.html
Categories: Antennas (radio) | Radio electronics | types of antenna radio frequency | Frequency Radio propagation | Radio technology About the Author

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