Vertical Dipole

question about electrostatic.?

Molecules of carbon monoxide are permanent electric dipoles due to unequal sharing of electrons between the carbon and oxygen atoms. The figure shows the distance and charges. Suppose a carbon monoxide molecule with a horizontal axis is in a vertical electric field of strength 15000 N/C

Torque G = p x E using vectors here
p = dipole moment, E = electric field and x is the vector product.

You needn’t worry about the cross product in this question since the molecule is horizontal but the field is vertical
G = pE
To find p you multiply the length of the dipole (distance) by the size of each charge
G = dqE

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Three-Dimensional Television Without Glasses

The idea of making screens for displaying 3D images, allowing to view the 3D imaging without special glasses, consists in mounting special screens or arrays of cylindrical lenses. In both cases the result of the action is to provide different images to the left and right eye.
There have been emerging two “auto-stereoscopic” technologies:

• parallax barrier
• lenticular lenses

The mainstream 3D technologies require glasses,
but the future systems will be autostereoscopic

Parallax barrier method uses a layer of opaque material with a series of precision vertical slits being a part of the screen. The diaphragm with the slits allows the left and right eye to see different sets of pixels, creating a sense of depth through parallax.
Location of the slits interacts with the possible positions of both eyes against the screen. Three-dimensional effects in this technology require appropriate preparation of the video content. Each frame, called stereogram, is created by combining two images – for the right and left eye. So created image allows for seeing 3D effect just opposite to the screen (in perpendicular direction), which is why the latest imaging technologies adopt interleaved images from multiple sources (panoramagrams). As a result, the number of points where viewers can see clear, sharp and three-dimensional image is significantly increased.

Auto-stereoscopic methods of displaying 3D images.
It seems that lenticular lenses are more prospective,
due to better color reproduction and higher brightness.

The second technology, gaining increasing popularity, uses lenticular lenses. In this case, the video material is subjected to similar treatment, but the images are differentiated using another method. Each Full HD LCD panel consists of approximately two million pixels, which in turn can be divided into sub-pixels (red, blue and green). The method consists in imposing an array of lenses, each of which covering 8 sub-pixels. The accuracy of the coverage is incredible – it reaches 1/100 of a micron.
Three-dimensional images can be viewed in so many places how many panoramagrams have been made. At the CES in Las Vegas (January 2010) there were shown televisions allowing to watch 3D imaging from eight positions. The latest achievement in this field was presented by Sunny Ocean Studio company at the CeBIT in Hanover – a 27-inch monitor allowing to view three-dimensional images from 64 angles. The problem is the proper preparation of the material, since it is necessary to render 64 different frames of the image at the same time.

About the Author

Marketing & PR Department, DIPOL – European distributor of CCTV monitoring, WLAN, TV and SAT TV equipment, and producer of WLAN, communication, TV and FM antennas.